National Project Implementation Unit (NPIU) is a unit of Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, established in August 1990 for coordination, facilitation, monitoring and to provide guidance to the States/Institutions in all aspects of the projects.

During 1991 to 2007, NPIU implemented three Technician Education Projects of Government of India assisted by the World Bank, which helped to strengthen and upgrade the Technician Education System and benefited 552 polytechnics in 27 States including UTs of Andaman & Nicobar Island and Puducherry. These three Projects have been rated as "Highly Satisfactory" on Project Management and implementation, which is the highest rating, provided by the World Bank.

Success of three Technician Education Projects encouraged the Govt. of India to seek similar financial assistance from the World Bank for a systemic transformation of the technical education system as a whole with special focus on overall Quality Improvement in engineering education.