Indian Constitution: Parts - I, II, III, IV & IVA

• Key concept: Indian Constitution: Parts - I, II, III, IV & IVA • Essential for UPSC CSE Prelims, State PSCs, SSC CGL & Railway exams. • Comprehensive analytical coverage and factual pointers provided below.

• Part List
• Part I - IVA
• Part V
• Part VI-X
• Part XI- XVI
• Part XVII- XXII

Part I: The Union & Its Territory (Article 1- 4)

Article	Importance
1	Name and territory of the Union
2	Admission or establishment of new States
2A	Repealed
3	Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States
4	Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters

Part II: Citizenship (Article 5 – 11)

Article	Importance
5	Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution
6	Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan
7	Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.
8	Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India
9	Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens.
10	Continuance of the rights of citizenship.
11	Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Part III: Fundamental Rights (Article 12 – 35)

Article	Importance
General
12	Definition.
13	Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
Right to Equality
14	Equality before law.
15	Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
16	Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
17	Abolition of Untouchability
18	Abolition of titles
Right to Freedom
19	Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.
20	Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
21	Protection of life and personal liberty.
21 A	Right to education
22	Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases
Right against Exploitation
23	Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
24	Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc
Right to Freedom of Religion
25	Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
26	Freedom to manage religious affairs
27	Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
28	Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.
Cultural and Educational Rights
29	Protection of interests of minorities.
30	Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
31	Repealed
Saving of Certain Laws
31A	Saving of Laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.
31B	Validation of certain Acts and Regulations
31C	Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles
31D	Repealed
Right to Constitutional Remedies
32	Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part
32A	Repealed
33	Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc
34	Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area
35	Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part.

Part IV: Directive Principles (Article 36-51)

Article	Importance
36	Definition
37	Application of the principles contained in this Part.
38	State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
39	Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State.
39A	Equal justice and free legal aid
40	Organisation of village panchayats
41	Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
42	Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
43	Living wage, etc., for workers.
43A	Participation of workers in management of industries.
44	Uniform civil code for the citizens.
45	Provision for free and compulsory education for children.
46	Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections
47	Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health
48	Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry.
48A	Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife.
49	Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance.
50	Separation of judiciary from executive
51	Promotion of international peace and security.

Part IVA: Fundamental Duties (Article  51A)

Article	Importance
51A	Fundamental duties